Refractivity Inversions From Point‐To‐Point X‐Band Radar Propagation Measurements

Dynamic refractive environments within the marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL) pose difficulties in prediction of X-band radar wave propagation due to natural phenomena such as evaporation ducts (ED). This study utilizes a unique data set collected during Coupled Air-Sea Processes and Electromagnetic Ducting Research (CASPER)-East field campaign, including multiple refractivity estimation methods twelve point-to-point (PTP) electromagnetic datasets, assess efficacy PTP inversion techniques for remote sensing MABL. Comparison between inverse other show reasonable duct height estimates by inversion, inverse-based predictions are also shown be more accurate than based on methods: numerical weather prediction, theory, situ measurements. These results propose effectiveness metaheuristic remotely sense from measurements stable unstable conditions.